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■When everything seems to be going against you, remember that the airplane takes off against the wind, not with it.
■当一切都似乎与你作对时,记住,飞机起飞的时候总是逆风,而不是顺风。
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(Linking verb)
概念梳理
系动词(Linking verb),是用来辅助主语的动词。
①本身有词义,不能单独做谓语,后面必须跟表语一起构成复合谓语
②其后跟表语,构成系表结构说明主语的性质、特征、品性或状态
③系动词的功能主要是把表语和它的主语联系在一起
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1)表示状态即状态系动词,用来表示主语状态,
只有be一词。
be 的变化形式:
①在现在时中,有am,is,are 三种形式,
②在过去时中,am和is 变成 was,are 变成 were。
③be的现在分词形式为 being;
④过去分词形式为 been。◣He was busy.他当时很忙。◣The road is being under repair.路正在修。◣I have been very busy these day.
这些天我一直很忙。
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2)感官动词即感官系动词,表示感觉
主要有look,feel, smell, sound, taste,
◣This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布摸起来很软。
◣This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
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3)表持续即持续系动词,表示主语继续或保持一
种状况或态度。主要有keep, remain, stay,
lie, stand,
◣He always keeps silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。◣This matter remains a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
◣The sunshine stays warm.
◣The peace remains stable.和平仍然稳定
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4)表变化即变化系动词,表示主语变成什么样。
主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go,
come, run.
【一般情况下,系动词没有进行时态, 但是这些表示变化类的系动词,是可以用进行时态的,例如:It was becoming cold,so we lit the fire.天气变冷了,所以我们点起了火.另外,某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get, become,grow,turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用,表示渐进过程,其意思是“越来越·……”】
◣Our life is becoming better and better.
◣The sky is becoming dark. 天越来越黑了
◣ The fruit is getting ripe. 水果快熟了
◣She grew rich within a short time.
她没多长时间就富了。
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5)表看起来即表像系动词,表示'看起来像'这一
概念,主要有seem, appear, look, ◣He looks tired. 他看起来很累。◣He seems (to be) very sad.
他看起来很伤心。
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6)表终止即终止系动词,表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove(证实), turn out,(变成) ◣The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。◣The search proved difficult. 搜查证实很难。◣His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终
于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)
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13个常用系动词用法:
1.Be,表示主语的特征、状态和身份等,
-He is a famous scientist.
注意:主语不同,be的形式也不同,且有时态的变化。
2. Seem (似乎,看起来,看上去),这个词是英
语学习的重点,因为 seem 后面跟的花样比较
多。
-Damin seemed annoyed
大明似乎生气了。(后跟形容词)- Damin seemed to be annoyed 大明似乎生气了。(后跟不定式)-It seemed that Damin was annoyed. 大明似乎生气了。(It seems that 句型)- It seems like a good idea.
这看起来是个好主意。
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3. Become (变成),
表示“开始变得”,往往强调一个新状态的开始
- He became a teacher after college.
(他大学毕业后成为了一名教师。)
- The caterpillar will become a butterfly.
(毛毛虫会变成蝴蝶。)4. Look (看起来)- You look tired today. (你今天看起来很累。)- The cake looks delicious.
(这个蛋糕看起来很好吃。)
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5. Smell (闻起来)- The flowers smell wonderful.(这些花闻起来很香。)- The garbage smells terrible.
(垃圾闻起来很臭。)6. Taste (尝起来)- This soup tastes salty.
(这个汤尝起来有点咸。)- The cake tastes sweet and delicious.
(这个蛋糕尝起来又甜又好吃。)
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7. Feel (感觉)- The water feels cold. (这水感觉很冷。)- She feels happy about her new job.(她对新工作感到很高兴。)8. Sound (听起来)- The music sounds beautiful.
(这音乐听起来很美。)- His voice sounds familiar.
(他的声音听起来很熟悉。)
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9. Remain (保持)- The situation remains unchanged.(情况保持不变。)- She remained silent during the meeting.
(她在会议期间保持沉默。)10. Grow (变得)- The flowers grew taller in the sunlight.
(这些花在阳光下长得更高了。)- He grew more confident after practicing
his speech.
(他练习演讲后变得更自信了。)
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11.Get(变得),
形成某种状态,达到一个指明的状态;
- It s getting dark. 天色越来越暗。
12.Go(变成)往往表示变成不好的状态
- She went mad.她疯了。
- The food is going bad.食物变质了。
13.fall(变成,成为),进入另一种状态;
- He fell asleep.他睡着了。
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